1.
(50%) WeBWorK set
# 5.
2.
(25%) Consider a microscopic
spring-mass system whose spring stiffness is k = 50 N/m
and mass is m = 4 x 10-26 kg.
a.
What is the smallest amount of vibrational energy that can be added
to this system?
b.
In a collection of microscopic oscillators, the temperature is high
enough that the ground state and the first three excited states are
occupied. What are the possible energies and wavelengths
of the photons emitted by the oscillators.
3.
(25%) Suppose we have reason
to suspect that a certain quantum object has only three quantum states. When we excited such an object we observe that is emits electromagnetic
radiation of three different energies: 2.48 eV (green), 1.91 eV (orange),
and 0.57 eV (infrared). Propose
two possible energy-level schemes for this system.
4.
(Optional; 50% extra credit) From glowscript.org you can download a skeleton VPython code, DampedAndDriven, that
simulates the motion of a harmonic oscillator exposed to both a damping
and a driving force. In
this problem we will study the resonance behavior of such a system
in detail by focusing on a spring-mass system. The
configuration to be studied is shown schematically in the figure below.
One
end of the spring is moved back and forth by a motor such that the
displacement from equilibrium of that end of the spring is given by D sin(wDt). Here, D is
the amplitude of the motion of the motor and wD is
the angular frequency of the motor; this frequency is adjustable. The natural frequency of the system, wF, is fixed and determined
by the spring constant k and
the mass m of the block: wF = √(k/m).
a.
The python code you download from our webpage does not include the
driving motion of the left end of the spring. Verify
that without the driving force the angular frequency of the motion
of the block is consistent with the natural frequency you expect to
see, given the known spring constant and mass. You
will see the effect of the damping force in your simulation, but we
know that the frequency of the system should not be affected by the
damping force (at least not for the case where the damping force is
viscous, proportional to the velocity).
b.
Modify the code to include the driving force. Turn
off the friction force by setting uvisc to 0 and verify that the results
of your simulations change qualitatively as you expect, based on what
you know about driven harmonic motion (e.g., the steady-state frequency
is equal to the driving frequency and the amplitude of the motion increases
when the driving frequency approaches the natural frequency).
c.
Turn the viscous damping force back on by setting uvisc to 0.003. Set the driving frequency to 90% of the
natural frequency (wD =
0.90wF) and
study the time evolution of the system. How
long does it take before a steady state is reached? In the steady state, the energy dissipation
per cycle is exactly equal to the energy input per cycle.
d.
Vary the driving frequency in the range between 0 and 2.0wF with closely spaced values in the neighborhood
of 1.0wF. For each driving frequency determine
the steady-state amplitude and the phase shift (the difference in angle
between the sinusoids for the motor and for the mass).
e.
Sketch graphs of the steady-state amplitude and phase shifts as function
of wD.
Send
a summary of your study, including the graph, via email to Professor
Wolfs (wolfs@pas.rochester.edu). Also submit the actual program , or a link to glowscript, via email
to Professor Wolfs. The
name of the files should start with hw05p04XXYYYYYYYY where XX are your initials
and YYYYYYYY is your student id number. The subject of your email should be hw05p04XXYYYYYYYY.
