The LeCroy Model 1450 Modular High Voltage System, known as VISyN (Voltage & Current System on Network), represents the state-of-the-art in performance and ease-of-use in high voltage generation. It also offers a lower cost per channel than other commercial or laboratory designed high voltage products.
The 1450 VISyN system includes two different crates, a portable HV crate and a diverse line of compatible HV cards. These HV cards span the voltage and current ranges that satisfy most detectors used in High Energy, Nuclear and Heavy Ion Physics. An open-ended system design and modular architecture allow effective future expansion.
The LeCroy 1450 VISyN system represents the next generation in high voltage instrumentation. This system is designed to meet the demanding requirements of new experiments:
This system represents a dramatic improvement over previous commercial and laboratory designs.
The 1450 VISyN system includes combinations of crates and HV cards. The crates supply space, power and control for the HV cards. The HV cards supply the actual high voltage output. All the specifications for the high voltage output (accuracy, range, current, polarity) are determined by the selected HV card. All HV cards operate in all HV crates.
CRATES
The Model 1454 Crate design addresses medium to low channel count requirements. The crate supplies four slots for HV cards and a front panel user interface. Four slots accept 48 channels of the Model 1461 HV card. The front panel user interface consists of a back-lit 320 x 200 pixel LCD display and custom keypad. This interface controls the HV cards inserted in the 1454. The 1454 can be remotely controlled via RS-232 or a local area network.
The Model 1458 Crate addresses high channel count applications. This crate supplies sixteen (16) slots for HV cards, but no keypad or LCD display. All control is via RS-232 or a local area network. The 1458 supports 192 channels of the 1461 HV card in 14 inches of vertical rack space.
COMMUNICATIONS FEATURES
VISyN has three major user interface systems for communications. The most visible is the front panel display and keypad (Model 1454 only). This interface provides complete control over all channels in the mainframe. The LCD display shows which HV cards are in the crate, the settings for these cards, and the measurements made by the HV cards. With the keypad, all settings for the HV cards can be programmed.
Both of the crates (1454 and 1458) provide an RS-232 interface, allowing the use of a standard terminal for control and display. This interface provides the same capabilities as the front panel display in a text command format or full screen format (VT100 compatible). The front panel and RS-232 interfaces are always available for reviewing information in the crate, but changes can be locked out remotely or via a front panel key switch.
Finally, VISyN crates can be controlled (optional) over local area networks (LAN) via ARCNET or Ethernet (TCPIP). Ethernet is the most widely used LAN, available for all types of host systems. It allows for control over laboratory intranets as well as common internets. ARCNET is a proven industrial standard. It is a high speed (2.5 Mbaud) token-passing network protocol. The standard implementation of ARCNET is readily available and inexpensive for many types of host systems, including VME. Long distances (4 miles) can be covered; the token-passing system is deterministic; in heavy traffic; throughput does not decrease.
RELIABILITY
VISyN is designed for high reliability, serviceability and long operating life. Wherever possible, the use of batteries, lamps, and other limited life components are avoided. Major sections of the mainframe are modular and easily replaced. High voltage circuits are potted and insulated for safety and for protection against the accumulation of dirt.
HV SUPPLY CARDS
Each of the various HV cards is a complete HV subsystem. The HV card includes its own ADCs, DACs, references and interface circuitry. The interface to the crate is completely digital and very flexible. All information about ranges, resolution, limits, etc., is stored in the HV card. New 1460 series HV cards with different features can be inserted into older 1450 systems with no loss in performance.
Depending on load and voltage, the HV card can require more supply current than available in the average HV crate slot. The user must confirm that sufficient supply current is available for their application. The required information is in the data sheets for the HV cards and HV crates.
Model 1461 3 kV Independent HV Supply
The Model 1461 HV card supplies 12 independent channels, in a single slot, suitable for photomultiplier tubes. The high voltage output is programmable from 0 to 3 kV. The output current supports a 1.2 Mohm load to 3 kV. Other features include voltage measurement, current measurement, programmable current trip, hardware voltage limit (once per card), and separate programmable ramp up and ramp down rates.
Model 1469 3.5 kV Distributed HV Supply
The Model 1469 HV Card is ideal for chamber applications. The card supplies 24 channels of high voltage, programmable in groups of 8 channels. All channels within a group are programmed to the same output voltage, in steps of 1 V, from 0 to 3.5 kV with channel-to-channel variation within each group nominally less than 500 mV. Each channel provides current readback and current trip resolution of 25 nA and a maximum output current of 98 µA.
Features include 12-bit voltage readback for each group, current trip for each channel, programmable ramp up rate, and programmable ramp down rate. In the event of a channel trip, a relay disconnects the output while other outputs within the group remain powered. An added feature protects the bulk from hard shorts to ground, a bulk trip de-energizes the bulk supply quickly.
Reconfiguring HV Modules
The 146x Series HV cards can be optimized from the standard design to accommodate different voltage and current requirements of Photo Multiplier, Drift Chambers, Resistive Plate, Silicon Detectors, Germanium Detectors and Micro Strip Gas Detectors. For example, the basic method for realizing higher currents in the Model 1461 is the combining of output channels. Lower voltages are realized by removing multiplier stages. Contact a LeCroy representative for more information.
High Voltage Card Comparison Matrix for the VISyN System |
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| Specifications |
Model 1461 |
Model 1469 |
Model 1471 |
| Description | 12 ch., Max. 3 kV, Max. 2.5 mA/ch. | 24 ch., Max. 3.5 kV, Max. 98 µA/ch. | 8 ch., Max. 6 kV, Max. 200 µA/ch. |
| Channels | 12 fully independent | 24, programmable in groups of 8 | 8 fully independent |
| Voltage | Programmable 0 to 3 kV | Programmable 0 to 3.5 kV | Programmable 0 to 6 kV |
| Voltage Polarity | 1461N for neg.; 1461P for pos. | 1469N for neg.; 1469P for pos. | 1471N for neg.; 1471P for pos. |
| Voltage Set Resolution | < 1 V (750 mV nominal) | < 1 V (900 mV) | < 1 V (500 mV nominal) |
| Voltage Output Matching | N/A | < 500 mV variation within group | |
| Voltage Output Accuracy @ 25C | ±(0.1% of setting + 1.5 V) from 5% - 100% of full scale. (Below 5% a min. load may be necessary) | ±(0.1% of setting + 1.5 V) | ±(0.1% of setting + 3 V) from 5% - 100% of full scale. (Below 5% a min. load may be necessary) |
| Temperature Stability | < 100 ppm/C | < 100 ppm/C | < 100 ppm/C |
| Voltage Repeatability | < ±0.5 V at constant load, line and temp. | < ±0.5 V at constant load, line and temp. | < ±1 V at constant load, line and temp. |
| Voltage Output Ripple | < 100 mV p-p < 50 mV p-p for < 1 mA or freq. > 25 kHz | < 50 mV p-p < 25 mV p-p for freq. > 25 kHz | < 50 mV p-p < 10 mV p-p for freq. > 1 kHz |
| Voltage Measurement Resolution | < 1 V (750 mV nominal) | < 1 V (900 mV) | < 1 V (500 mV) |
| Voltage Measurement Accuracy @ 25C | ±(0.1% of reading + 1.5 V) | ±(0.1% of reading + 1.5 V) | ±(0.1% of reading + 3 V) |
| Voltage Ramp Rates | Programmable/ch. separate ramp up & down rates (nominally 50 to 2000 V/s in 50 V steps) | Programmable/group separate ramp up & down rates (nominally 1 to 500 V/s in 1 V steps) | Programmable/ch. separate ramp up & down rates (nominally 1 to 500 V/s in 1 V steps) |
| Output Current Capability | > 2.5 mA (2.8 - 3 kV), > 1.0 mA (0 - 1 kV), linear derate from 1 to 2.8 kV | 98 µA; (300 µA charging avg./ch. within bulk) | 200 µA/ch. |
| Current Measurement Resolution | < 1 µA | 26 nA | 15 nA |
| Current Measurement Accuracy | ±(2% of reading + 15 µA) | ±(1% of reading + 100 nA) | ±(1% of reading + 50 nA) |
| Current Trip | Programmable/ch. 1 µA resolution (from 50 to 2550 µA) | Programmable/ch. 5 µA to 98 µA/ch. 26 nA resolution, relay disconnect 2.5 mA bulk trip |
Programmable/ch. from 1 µA to 200 µA; < 15 nA resolution |
| Current Trip Detect Time | < 200 msec | < 10 msec | < 10 msec (normally 2 msec) |
| 24 V Power Requirement | 171 mA supply per mA output +38 mA supply per channel. Multiple modules can exceed the power supplied by the standard crate. | < 208 mA | 330 mA supply per mA output +56 mA supply per channel. |
| Hardware Voltage Limit | One potentiometer & 1000:1 test point | One potentiometer & 1000:1 test point | One potentiometer & 1000:1 test point |
| HV ON LED | One; steady on for all channels stable HV, flash for any channel changing output or trip | One; steady on for all channels stable HV, flash for any channel changing output or trip | One; steady on for all channels stable HV, flash for any channel changing output or trip |
| Dimensions | 6 U (10.3" high x 14.6 " deep x 1" wide; Eurocard C size) | 6 U (10.3" high x 15.0 " deep x 1" wide; Eurocard C size) | 6 U (10.3" high x 14.6 " deep x 1" wide; Eurocard C size) |
| Connectors |
SHV (12 ) |
LHV (3), block type, 8 conductors each |
SHV (8) |
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Dimensions: 4 U (7") high x 19" wide x 24" deep.
Capacity: 4 horizontal HV card slots.
Output Power (available to HV cards from 24 V supply): 360 W (15 A at 24 V).
Airflow: Front to rear.
Power: 90 V to 260 VAC; 50 to 60 Hz; power factor corrected.
Remote Communications: Serial Port: RS232C (standard), Local Area Network (LAN) ARCNET or Ethernet (optional).
Display: Back-lit 320 x 200 pixel LCD display.
Operating Temperature: 5C to 40C.
Ambient Humidity: 0 - 90% relative humidity, non -condensing.
Dimensions: 8 U (14") high x 19" wide x 26" deep.
Capacity: 16 vertical HV card slots.
Output Power (available to HV cards from 24 V supply): Model 1458: 1440 W (60 A at 24 V); Model 1458HP: 2160 W (90 A at 24 V); Model 1458LP: 720 W (30 A at 24 V).
Airflow: Front to rear; vertical option.
Power: 90 V to 260 VAC; 50 to 60 Hz; power factor corrected, > 200 VAC required for full power output.
Remote Communications: Serial Port: RS232C (standard), Local Area Network (LAN) ARCNET and/or Ethernet (optional).
Display: None.
Operating Temperature: 0C to 40C.
Ambient Humidity: 0 - 90% relative humidity, non-condensing.
Channels: 12, fully independent.
Voltage: Programmable 0 to 3 kV.
Voltage Polarity: Model 1461N for negative voltage, Model 1461P for positive voltage.
Voltage Set Resolution: < 1 V (nominally 750 mV).
Voltage Output Accuracy: ±(0.1% of setting + 1.5 V) at 25C, from 5 to 100% of full scale (Below 5% of full scale, a minimum load may be necessary.)
Temperature Stability: < 100 ppm/C.
Voltage Repeatability: < ±0.5 V at constant load, line and temperature.
Voltage Output Ripple: < 100 mV p-p max (< 50 mV p-p for < 1 mA or freq. > 25 kHz).
Voltage Measurement Resolution: < 1 V (nominally 750 mV).
Voltage Measurement Accuracy: ±(0.1% of reading + 1.5 V) at 25C.
Voltage Ramp Rate: Programmable per channel, separate ramp up and ramp down rates (nominally 50 to 2,000 V per second in 50 V increments).
Current: > 2.5 mA (2.8 - 3 kV), > 1 mA (0 - 1 kV); linear derate from 1 to 2.8 kV. (See Power Requirements.)
Current Trip: Programmable per channel, < 1 µA resolution. (Settable from 50 µA up to 2550 mA.)
Current Measurement Resolution: < 1 µA.
Current Measurement Accuracy: +(2% of reading + 15 µA).
Power Requirements (current from 24 V supply): (38 mA + 171 mA/output mA) per channel. Note, multiple modules can exceed the power supplied by a standard mainframe.
Hardware Voltage Limit: One potentiometer on panel and 1000:1 test point.
HV On LED: One per card, steady on for all channels stable HV, flash for any channel changing output or trip.
Dimensions: 6 U (10.3" high x 14.6" deep x 1" wide; Eurocard C size).
Connector Type: 12 SHV.
Channels: 24, programmable in groups of 8.
Voltage: Programmable 0 to 3.5 kV.
Voltage Polarity: Model 1469N for negative voltage, Model 1469P for positive voltage.
Voltage Set Resolution: < 1 V (900 mV).
Voltage Output Accuracy: ±(0.1 % of setting +1.5 V) at 25C.
Voltage Output Matching: < 500 mV variation within group.
Temperature Stability: < 100 ppm/C.
Voltage Repeatability: < ±0.5 V at constant load, line and temperature.
Voltage Output Ripple: < 50 mV p-p (< 25 mV p-p for freq. > 25 kHz).
Voltage Measurement Resolution: < 1 V (900 mV).
Voltage Measurement Accuracy: ±(0.1% of reading + 1.5 V) at 25C.
Voltage Ramp Rate: Programmable per group, separate ramp up and ramp down rates (nominally 1 to 500 V/sec in 1 V/sec steps).
Current: Maximum 98 µA per channel; (300 µA charging avg./ch. within bulk).
Bulk Charge Current Capability: 2.5 mA maximum, channel: 300 µA average per channel.
Current Trip: Programmable per channel, 5 µA to 98 µA/ch., 26 nA resolution, relay disconnect 2.5 mA bulk trip.
Programmable Trip Time Constant (SOT): 0 - 15 samples.
Current Measurement Resolution: 26 nA.
Current Measurement Accuracy: ±(1% of reading + 100 nA).
Current Measurement Sample Rate: Approximately 1800 samples/sec.
Current Trip Detect Time: < 10 msec.
Power Requirements (current from 24 V supply): Less than 208 mA.
Hardware Voltage Limit: One potentiometer on panel and 1000 to 1 test point.
HV ON LED: One per card, steady on for all channels stable HV, flash for any channel changing output or trip.
Dimensions: 6 U (10.3" high x 14.6" long x 1" wide; Eurocard C size).
Connector Type: Three 8 HV channel multiconductor, block type: (LHV) AMP P/N 443160-1.
Channels: 8, fully independent.
Output Voltage: 0 to 6 kV, programmable.
Voltage Polarity: Model 1471N for negative voltage, Model 1471P for positive voltage.
Voltage Set Resolution: < 1 V (nominally 500 mV).
Voltage Measurement Resolution: < 1 V (nominally 500 mV).
Voltage Measurement Accuracy: ±(0.1% of reading + 3 V) at 25C.
Voltage Output Accuracy: ±(0.1% of setting + 3 V) at 25C, from 5 to 100% of full scale (below 5% of full scale, a minimum load may be necessary).
Voltage Output Temperature Stability: < 100 ppm/C.
Voltage Repeatability: < ±1 V at constant load, line and temperature.
Voltage Output Ripple: < 50 mV p-p (< 10 mV p-p for f > 1 kHz or f > 25 kHz).
Voltage Ramp Rates: Programmable per channel, separate up and down rates. nominally 10 to 500 V/s in 1 V steps. Trip at maximum charging current; programmable ON (default) or OFF.
Output Current Capability: 200 µA per channel.
Charging Current: Maximum 200 µA per channel.
Current Trip: Programmable per channel; from 1 to 200 µA, < 15 nA resolution.
Current Measurement Resolution: < 15 nA.
Current Measurement Accuracy: ±(1% of reading + 50 nA).
Current Trip Detect Time: < 10 mSec (normally 2 msec).
Power Requirements: TBD.
Hardware Voltage Limit: One potentiometer on panel and 1000 to 1 test point.
HV ON LED: One per card, steady on for all channels stable HV, flash for any channel changing output or trip.
Dimensions: 6U (10.3" high x 14.6" deep x 1" wide; Eurocard C size).
Connectors: SHV (8).
VISyN is a trademark of LeCroy Corporation.
ARCNET is a registered trademark of Datapoint Corporation.
Copyright July 1999. LeCroy is a registered trademark of LeCroy Corporation. All rights reserved. Information in this publication supersedes all earlier versions.